Hemorrhoids are dilated veins in the rectum and anus. They may be internal (inside the anal canal) or external (under the skin around the anus).
 
Symptoms: bleeding during bowel movements, pain, itching, mucus discharge, or a palpable lump.
 
Treatment:
 
In initial stages, treatment is usually based on a fiber-rich diet, specific ointments, and hygienic-dietary measures.
 
Nowadays, we also have treatment with diode laser, an innovative and minimally invasive technique that eliminates hemorrhoids precisely and with little pain, without the need to remove tissue.
 

It consists of a small wound or tear in the mucosa of the anus, usually caused by constipation and the passage of hard stools.
 
Symptoms intense pain during and after evacuation, bright red bleeding, and sometimes spasm :of the anal sphincter.
 
Treatment:
 
Initial management includes relaxing ointments, analgesics, and dietary changes. When the fissure does not improve, more advanced treatments may be considered such as:
 

• Lateral internal sphincterotomy: small surgery that relaxes the sphincter to promote healing.

 

• Botox injection (botulinum toxin): applied directly to the anal sphincter to relaxBotox injection (botulinum toxin): the muscle, reduce spasm, and promote healing without surgery.

 

• Diode laser in associated fissures (FiLaC): in cases where the fissure is complicated with a fistula, the laser closes the fistulous tract from within, preserving the sphincter, reducing the risk of incontinence, and allowing treatment of long tracts without cutting muscle.

 

It is an abnormal tract that communicates the inside of the anal canal with the surrounding skin, generally after an abscess.
 
Symptoms persistent discharge, recurrent pain, inflammation, and in some cases fever.
 
Treatment:
 
The only definitive solution is surgical. Depending on the case, fistulotomy, fistulectomy, or sphincter-preserving techniques (seton, LIFT, biological adhesives) can be performed.
 
The diode laser with the FiLaC technique closes the fistulous tract from within, preserving the sphincter, reducing the risk of incontinence, and allowing long tracts to be treated without cutting muscle.
 

They occur when an anal gland becomes infected and forms a collection of pus.
 
Symptoms acute pain, redness, inflammation, and sometimes fever
 
Treatment:
 
The only definitive solution is surgical. Depending on the case, fistulotomy, fistulectomy, or sphincter-preserving techniques (seton, LIFT, biological adhesives) can be performed.
 
The diode laser with the FiLaC technique closes the fistulous tract from within, preserving the sphincter, reducing the risk of incontinence, and allowing long tracts to be treated without cutting muscle.
 

They form in the sacral area, near the coccyx, due to the accumulation of hair and skin debris under the skin. They are more common in young men.
 
Symptoms pain, swelling, redness, discharge, or formation of recurrent abscesses.
 
Treatment:
 
In initial cases they are drained, but to avoid recurrences surgery is usually recommended to remove the cyst and the affected tissue.
 
LThe SiLaC technique with diode laser seals the cyst cavity from the inside, avoiding wide resections, reducing pain, and promoting a fast and aesthetic recovery.
 

It occurs when the rectum loses its normal fixation and slides outward through the anus. It can be partial or complete.
 
Symptoms tissue protruding through the anus during defecation, incontinence, bleeding, mucus, and local irritation.
 
Treatment:
 
In initial stages, pelvic floor rehabilitation is recommended, but most cases require surgery to correct the anatomy and avoid complications.

They are warts in the anal region caused by the human papillomavirus.
 
Symptoms: appearance of small wart-like lesions, sometimes accompanied by itching, irritation, or bleeding. In some cases they may be imperceptible at the beginning.
 
Treatment:
 
Elimination through cryotherapy, laser, or surgery, and regular medical follow-up, since there is a risk of recurrence and, in certain types of HPV, of precancerous lesions.
 
The diode laser removes condylomas precisely, preserving healthy skin, reducing bleeding, and promoting quick and safe healing.